B-Black biography, B-Black discography
James "Jim" Boyce Black (born March 25, 1935) is a former Democratic member of the North Carolina General Assembly who represented the state's 100th House district, including constituents in Mecklenburg County.The proceedings led to convictions for several involved figures, including Decker, media and public relations consultant, Kevin L.Black has consistently denied those allegations.Although Black was not indicted while serving as speaker, the situation drew ire from the North Carolina Republican Party, which involved the scandal in their November election campaigns.Meanwhile, Democrats increased their majority in the House.In December 2006, Black announced that he would not seek another term as Speaker.As a result, he resigned from the General Assembly on February 14, 2007.Indeed, days after his federal plea, he entered into a separate Alford plea agreement with the district attorney of Wake County, the capital county, on separate charges."Trial shows capital's shady side."."Black drops out of speaker race".Please help improve the article or discuss these issues on the talk page.It may contain original research or unverifiable claims.Bob Black (born Robert Charles Black, Jr.January 4th, 1951) is an American anarchist and lawyer.The Abolition of Work
1.The Abolition of Work
The Abolition of Work, Black's most widely read essay, draws upon the ideas of Charles Fourier, William Morris, Paul Goodman, and Marshall Sahlins.He views the subordination enacted in workplaces as "a mockery of freedom", and denounces as hypocrites the various theorists who support freedom while supporting work.Subordination in work, Black alleges, makes people stupid and creates fear of freedom.Because of work, people become accustomed to rigidity and regularity, and do not have the time for friendship or meaningful activity.He feels the left cannot go far enough in its critiques because of its attachment to building its power on the category of workers, which requires a valorization of work.NGO initiatives which he refers to as Libertarian Municipalism.American decadence and a period of declining struggle, and speaks in nostalgic terms of "the Left that was" as, for all its flaws, vastly superior to what has come since.Friedrich Nietzsche's call for an ethic "beyond good and evil"), and of "puritanism", a variant of this.He alleges that Bookchin adopts a "work ethic", and that his favored themes, such as the denunciation of Yuppies, actually repeat themes in mass consumer culture, and that he fails to analyze the social basis of capitalist "selfishness"; instead, Black calls for an enlightened "selfishness" which is simultaneously social, as in Max Stirner's work.He argues that Bookchin believes labour to be essential to humans, and thus is opposed to the abolition of work.He denounces Bookchin's alleged failure to form links with the leftist groups he now praises, and for denouncing others for failings (such as not having a mass audience, and receiving favourable reviews from "yuppie" magazines) of which he is himself guilty.He provides evidence to dispute Bookchin's association of "terrorism" with individualist rather than social anarchism.Nacional del Trabajo sold out to state power.According to Black, he thought the package looked suspicious, then on impulse "threw it against the wall.Black turned the device in to the police.This web site is designed for general information only.Biography: Educator and community college administrator; born Nov.William Jewell College, Liberty, MO; M.Holocaust, as well as its involvement in
the Nazi war machine that murdered millions of others
throughout Europe.Mankind barely noticed when the concept of massively
organized information quietly emerged to become a means of
social control, a weapon of war, and a roadmap for group
destruction.The unique igniting event was the most fateful
day of the last century, January 30, 1933, the day Adolf
Hitler came to power.That company
was International Business Machines, and its chairman was
Thomas J.Jewish destruction was
hardly original.There had been czars and tyrants before
him.Holocaust, dignified
professionals were Hitler's advance troops.Police officials
disregarded their duty in favor of protecting villains and
persecuting victims.The destruction of the Jewish people became
even less important because the invigorating nature of IBM's
technical achievement was only heightened by the fantastical
profits to be made at a time when bread lines stretched
across the world.When Hitler came to power, a central Nazi goal was to
identify and destroy Germany's 600,000 Jews.To Nazis, Jews
were not just those who practiced Judaism, but those of
Jewish blood, regardless of their assimilation,
intermarriage, religious activity, or even conversion to
Christianity.Only after Jews were identified could they be
targeted for asset confiscation, ghettoization, deportation,
and ultimately extermination.But in 1933,
no computer existed.When the Reich needed to mount a systematic campaign of
Jewish economic disenfranchisement and later began the
massive movement of European Jews out of their homes and
into ghettos, once again, the task was so prodigious it
called for a computer.But in 1933, no computer existed.When the Final Solution sought to efficiently transport
Jews out of European ghettos along railroad lines and into
death camps, with timing so precise the victims were able to
walk right out of the boxcar and into a waiting gas chamber,
the coordination was so complex a task, this too called for
a computer.But in 1933, no computer existed.IBM, primarily through its German subsidiary, made Hitler's
program of Jewish destruction a technologic mission the
company pursued with chilling success.Card
sorting operations were established in every major
concentration camp.Dehomag's
top management was comprised of openly rabid Nazis who were
arrested after the war for their Party affiliation.Reich offices until the data columns were
acceptable, much as any software designer would today.Punch
cards could only be designed, printed, and purchased from
one source: IBM.The machines were not sold, they were
leased, and regularly maintained and upgraded by only one
source: IBM.Moreover, the fragile machines were serviced on site
about once per month, even when that site was in or near a
concentration camp.IBM Germany's headquarters in Berlin
maintained duplicates of many code books, much as any IBM
service bureau today would maintain data backups for
computers.The answer: IBM Germany's census operations and similar
advanced people counting and registration technologies.But when
IBM Germany formed its philosophical and technologic
alliance with Nazi Germany, census and registration took on
a new mission.Food
allocation was organized around databases, allowing Germany
to starve the Jews.Punch cards even made
the trains run on time and cataloged their human cargo.German Railway, the Reichsbahn, Dehomag's biggest customer,
dealt directly with senior management in Berlin.So if you intend to skim, or rely on selected
sections, please do not read the book at all.To think otherwise
is more than wrong.But there is
reason to examine the fantastical numbers Hitler achieved in
murdering so many millions so swiftly, and identify the
crucial role of automation and technology.What made me demand answers to the unasked questions
about IBM and the Holocaust?IBM's involvement one day in 1993 in Washington at the
United States Holocaust Museum.It has since been replaced with a smaller IBM
machine because so many people congregated around it,
creating a bottleneck.My father had already run away from a guarded line of
Jews and discovered her leg protruding from the snow.The Nazis had my parents'
names.The dots needed to be
connected.Just
how far did the solutions go?This network continued to grow as time went on.Not knowing the
story, they searched for key words: census, statistics,
lists, registrations, railroads, punch cards, and a roster
of other topics.For many weeks, documents were flowing in
at the rate of 100 per day.Most of my team was volunteers.All of them were sworn
to secrecy.Each was shocked and saddened by the
implications of the project and intensely motivated.Other obscure documents from European holdings had
never been translated or connected to such an inquiry.We also scanned and
translated more than 50 general books and memoirs, as well
as contemporary technical and scientific journals covering
punch cards and statistics, Nazi publications, and
newspapers of the era.Stacks of documents organized into topics were arrayed
across my basement floor.As many as six people at a time
busily shuttled copies of documents from one topic stack to
another from morning until midnight.Examined singly, none revealed their
story.For example, one
IBM report fleetingly referred to a "Mr.Hendricks" as
fetching an IBM machine from Dachau.Complicating the task, many of the IBM papers and notes
were unsigned or undated carbons, employing deliberate
vagueness, code words, catch phrases, or transient corporate
short hand.For example, I encountered an IBM reference to
accumulating "points."Sometimes a key revelation did not occur until we
tracked a source back three and four stages.Destruction of the Dutch Jews by Jacob Presser.In the truest sense, the story of IBM and the Holocaust
has been shattered into thousands of shards.Only by piecing
them all together did I erect a towering picture window
permitting me to view what really occurred.In my pursuit, I received extraordinary cooperation
from every private, public, and governmental source in every
country.Sadly, the only refusal came from IBM itself, which
rebuffed my requests for access to documents and interviews.Since WWII, the company has steadfastly
refused to cooperate with outside authors.IBM employees, includes a reference to the
company's refusal to cooperate with the author in any way.Hundreds of
IBM documents were placed at my disposal.For this reason, readers
will notice an extraordinary reliance on articles in the New
York Times.Had they lived in Cleveland, I would have
quoted the Cleveland Plain Dealer.Readers can
judge for themselves exactly what was said in what context.Many of these materials had simply
never been accessed, many have not been available, and some
are based on false chronologies or appear to be corporate
minutia.Just as important is the fact that until I
examined the IBM documents, that half of the screen was
totally obscured.Again, the documents do not speak by
themselves, only in ensemble.Reich economics and multinational commerce
from my earlier book, The Transfer Agreement, as well as a
background in the computer industry, and years of experience
as an investigative journalist specializing in corporate
misconduct.Now everyone talks
about the assets.The formative years for most Holocaust
scholarship was before the computer age, and well before the
Age of Information.Everyone now possesses an understanding
of how technology can be utilized in the affairs of war and
peace.We can now go back and look at the same documentation
in a new light.Many of us have become enraptured by the Age of
Computerization and the Age of Information.But now I am consumed with a new awareness that, for me, as
the son of Holocaust survivors, brings me to a whole new
consciousness.
|
