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Earth biography, Earth discography
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest:
orbit: 149,600,000 km (1.Amazing pictures of Earth from space combine useful science and artistic beauty.Kids often ask me which is my favorite planet.My answer is always "Earth".The name derives from Old English and Germanic.Earth is just another planet.Mir space station and Earth's limb
Earth, of course, can be studied without the aid of spacecraft.Mohorovicic
discontinuity between the crust and upper mantle.K, hotter than the surface of the
Sun.The crust is primarily quartz (silicon dioxide) and other
silicates like feldspar.Titanium
The Earth is the densest major body in the
solar system.Moon and Mercury may not have chemically
distinct crusts; Earth may be the only one with distinct inner and outer cores.Note, however, that our knowledge of planetary interiors is mostly theoretical
even for the Earth.Earth's crust is divided into several separate solid
plates which float around independently on top of the hot mantle below.The theory that describes this is known as plate tectonics.Fault in California) and collisions between continental plates
(i.There are also twenty or more small plates such as the Arabian, Cocos, and
Philippine Plates.Earthquakes are much more common at the plate boundaries.Plotting their locations makes it easy to see the plate boundaries.The Earth's surface is very young.Thus the very early history of the Earth has mostly been erased.Space Shuttle view of the Strait of Gibraltar
71 Percent of the Earth's surface is covered with water.Titan's surface and liquid water beneath the surface
of Europa).The heat capacity of the oceans is also very important in keeping the Earth's
temperature relatively stable.Earth's continents, a process unique in the solar
system today (though it may have occurred on Mars in the past).Earth's surface temperature via the
greenhouse effect.Water vapor is also an important greenhouse gas.View from Apollo 11
The presence of free oxygen is quite remarkable from a chemical point of view.The oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is produced and maintained by
biological processes.Earth and the Moon
slows the Earth's rotation by about 2 milliseconds per century.Earth has a modest magnetic field produced by electric currents in the outer core.The "geomagnetic north pole" is the position on the Earth's surface directly above the south pole of the Earth's field; see this diagram.The Earth's magnetic field and its interaction with the solar wind also produce the
Van Allen radiation belts, a pair of doughnut shaped rings of ionized
gas (or plasma) trapped in orbit around the Earth.Earth's Satellite
Earth has only one natural satellite, the Moon.Our knowledge of the interior of the Earth is derived almost entirely from
highly indirect evidence.Earth has remained very stable for several billion years.More detailed information about Venus and Mars
may provide clues.How much more carbon dioxide can we dump
into the Earth's atmosphere before it ends up like Venus?Earth Introduction
My view of our planet was a glimpse of divinity.From the perspective we get on Earth,
our planet appears to be big and sturdy with an
endless ocean of air.From space, astronauts often get the
impression that the Earth is small with a thin, fragile
layer of atmosphere.For a space traveler, the distinguishing Earth features
are the blue waters, brown and green land masses
and white clouds set against a black background.Our spaceship is the planet Earth, traveling
at the speed of 108,000 kilometers (67,000 miles) an hour.Earth is the 3rd planet from the Sun at a distance of about 150 million
kilometers (93.Earth to travel around the Sun and
23.Earth rotate a complete revolution.Earth is the only planet in the solar system known to harbor life.Earth's atmosphere protects us from
meteors, most of which burn up before they can strike the
surface.From our journeys into space, we have learned much about our
home planet.Affected by changes in solar activity, the upper atmosphere
contributes to weather and climate on Earth.Besides affecting Earth's weather, solar activity gives rise
to a dramatic visual phenomenon in our atmosphere.When charged
particles from the solar wind become trapped in Earth's magnetic
field, they collide with air molecules above our planet's magnetic
poles.The following set of images show some of the wonders of our planet,
the Earth.This image of North and South America city lights was created with data
from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational
Linescan System (OLS).Originally designed to view clouds by moonlight,
the OLS is also used to map the locations of permanent lights on the
Earth's surface.The brightest areas of the Earth are the most urbanized, but not
necessarily the most populated.Cities tend to grow along coastlines
and transportation networks.The United
States interstate highway system appears as a lattice connecting the
brighter dots of city centers.The crew of Apollo 17 took this photograph of Earth in December 1972 while
the spacecraft was traveling between the Earth and the Moon.The Earth and Moon were imaged by Mariner 10
from 2.Moon
encounter by a spacecraft capable of returning high resolution digital
color image data.From this particular viewpoint
the Earth appears to be a water planet!Khartoum, at the confluence of the Blue Nile and the White Nile.The
blackness of space contrasts sharply with the whiteness of clouds,
ice, and snow.This image of Antarctica was taken by Galileo several hours
after it flew close to the Earth
on December 8, 1990.This is the first picture of the whole Antarctic
continent taken nearly at once from space.Galileo was about 200,000 kilometers (125,000
miles) from Earth when the pictures were taken.The icy continent is surrounded by the dark blue of three
oceans: the Pacific to the left, the Indian to the bottom, and a piece of the
Atlantic to the upper right.Nearly the entire continent was sunlit at
this time of year, just two weeks before southern summer solstice.The thin blue line along the
Earth's limb
marks our planet's atmosphere.It shows airglow of the upper atmosphere as a thin blue line.This image is a Homolosine projection of the Earth prepared from
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) image data.Grasslands
appear light red, deciduous trees and croplands appear red, and
coniferous forests appear dark red or maroon.Lakes,
rivers and oceans appear in various shades of blue, dark blue for deep
water and light blue for shallow or turbid water.Planets and spacecraft sprung forth from JPL's float in this year's Rose Parade.Explorer 1, the first U.Explorer 1, the first U.NASA Climate Change 'Peacemakers' Aided Nobel Effort
NASA's Earth scientists watched with pride when the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to former U.Vice President Al Gore and a United Nations panel that spent two decades assessing Earth's changing climate.Amazing Grace Team Receives Prestigious Award
A mission that has changed the way we study Earth's gravitational forces has been recognized with a prestigious award for helping scientists better understand our home planet.JPL missions studying Earth, our solar system and distant galaxies.Monitors total sun energy that reaches Earth.Measures air and surface temperature, clouds, humidity.Improves understanding of ozone and precursors.Revealing the inner secrets of clouds.Images Earth and aerosols from nine angles.Acquired the most complete near global mapping of Earth's topography.All of the things we need
to survive are provided under a thin layer of atmosphere that separates
us from the uninhabitable void of space.Earth is made up of complex,
interactive systems that are often unpredictable.Viewing Earth from the unique perspective of space provides the
opportunity to see Earth as a whole.Some facts are well known.For instance, Earth is the third planet from
the Sun and the fifth largest in the solar system.Earth's diameter is just
a few hundred kilometers larger than that of Venus.The four seasons
are a result of Earth's axis of rotation being tilted more than 23 degrees.Over 70 percent of the
Earth's surface is water.Click to load APOD for this date."This is what the
Earth
looks like at night.Water
(Dihydrogen Oxide, H2O) is a truly
remarkable chemical compound, fundamental
to life on Earth.Jerry Bonnell
(USRA)
NASA Web Site Statements, Warnings, and
Disclaimers NASA Official: Jay Norris.Become a member of Enchanted Learning.Click here for more information on site membership.How Fast is Earth Moving?How is its Mass Determined?INTRODUCTION TO THE EARTH
The Earth is the third planet from the Sun in our Solar System.SIZE
The Earth is about 7,926 miles (12,756 km) in diameter.BC) was a Greek scholar who was the first person to determine the circumference of the Earth.Knowing the distance between the two locations, he calculated the circumference of the Earth to be 250,000 stadia.He also accurately measured the tilt of the Earth's axis and the distance to the sun and moon.The Earth and the moon.Photo taken by NASA's Galileo mission in 1990.THE MOON
The Earth has one moon.The diameter of the moon is about one quarter of the diameter of the Earth.The moon may have once been a part of the Earth; it may have been broken off the Earth during a catastrophic collision of a huge body with the Earth billions of years ago.MASS, DENSITY, AND ESCAPE VELOCITY
The Earth's mass is about 5.Earth is the densest planet in our Solar System.Earth rising over the moon.Photo taken by NASA's Apollo 8 mission.Each day on Earth takes 23.Each year on Earth takes 365.Earth days (that is, it takes the Earth 365.The Earth's rotation is slowing down very slightly over time, about one second every 10 years.Sun Orbital DiagramLabel the aphelion (farthest point in orbit) and perihelion (closest point in orbit) of a planet in orbit.On average, the Earth orbits, 93 million miles (149,600,000 km) from the Sun.This distance is defined as one Astronomical Unit (AU).The Earth is closest to the Sun (this is called perihelion) around January 2 each year (91.Sun (this is called aphelion) around July 2 each year (94.Orbital EccentricityThe Earth has an orbit that is close to being circular; its orbital eccentricity is 0.Eccentricity is a measure of how an orbit deviates from circular.THE EARTH'S AXIS TILT AND THE SEASONS
The Earth's axis is tilted from perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic by 23.Since the axis is tilted, different parts of the globe are oriented towards the Sun at different times of the year.This affects the amount of sunlight each receives.For more information on the seasons, click here.SPEED
At the equator, the Earth's surface moves 40,000 kilometers in 24 hours.This is calculated by dividing the circumference of the Earth at the equator (about 24,900 miles or 40,070 km) by the number of hours in a day (24).As you move toward either pole, this speed decreases to almost zero (since the circumference at the extreme latitudes approaches zero).This compares with the Earth's rotational speed of approximately 0.For more information on the speed of the Earth, click here.The size of the atmosphere in this illustration is greatly exaggerated in order to show the greenhouse effect.The Earth's atmosphere is about 300 miles (480 km) thick, but most of the Earth's atmosphere is within 10 miles (16 km) of the Earth's surface.The hottest recorded temperature was on the continent of Africa (Libya in September, 1922).The greenhouse effect traps heat in our atmosphere.The atmosphere lets some infrared radiation escape into space; some is reflected back to the planet.ATMOSPHERE
The Earth's atmosphere is a thin layer of gases that surrounds the Earth.The atmosphere was formed by planetary degassing, a process in which gases like carbon dioxide, water vapor, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen were released from the interior of the Earth from volcanoes and other processes.Life forms on Earth have modified the composition of the atmosphere since their evolution.For more information on the atmosphere, click here.Earth Activities
Earth coloring page
The Earth and the Moon coloring page
Find It!First search engine with spelling correction and pictures!Enter one or more words, or
a short phrase.Welcome to Earth and Moon Viewer.You can view either a
map of the
Earth showing the day and night regions at this moment, or view the
Earth from the
Sun,
the Moon,
the night side of the Earth, above any
location on the planet specified by latitude,
longitude and altitude, from a
satellite in Earth orbit,
or above various cities around the globe.Earth, a
colour composite
which shows clouds, land and sea temperatures, and ice, or the
global distribution of
water vapour.In addition to the Earth, you can also view the Moon
from the Earth,
Sun,
night side,
above named formations on the lunar surface.You can also make expert and
custom images of the Moon.Moon
at perigee and apogee, including an
interactive Perigee and Apogee Calculator.To use the Earth and Moon Viewer, you need a graphical Web browser with forms
support and the ability to display GIF and JPEG images.The Earth and Moon Viewer would have been enormously more difficult to implement
without the help of the software and imagery mentioned in
the credits.Moon at Perigee and Apogee.Solar System Live: interactive orrery.Your Sky makes custom star maps for any location on Earth at any date and time.
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