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Handy biography, Handy discography
"See a map of synonyms of handy in the Visual Thesaurus.""Share this word with del.Look up Handy, handy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.Handy, the "Father of the Blues"
Jack Handey, American comedian
Charles Handy, management guru and author
Nicholas C.Entertainment
Handy Awards, named after W.Handy, which were renamed the Blues Music Awards in 2006.This page was last modified on 11 August 2008, at 20:37.All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.Handy remains among the most influential of American songwriters.Though he was one of many musicians who played the distinctively American form of music known as the blues, he is credited with giving it its contemporary form.Handy was an educated musician who used folk material in his compositions.He was scrupulous in documenting the sources of his works, which frequently combined stylistic influences from several performers.He loved this folk musical form and brought his own transforming touch to it.Early life
2 Musical and social development
3 Transition: popularity, fame and business
4 Later life
5 Compositions
6 Performances, honors, recognition, miscellany
7 Awards, festivals and memorials
8 References
9 See also
10 External links
10.Handy was born in Florence, Alabama, to Charles Bernard Handy and Elizabeth Brewer.His father was the pastor of a small church in Guntersville, another small town in northeast central Alabama.Handy wrote in his 1941 autobiography, Father of the Blues, that he was born in the log cabin built by his grandfather William Wise Handy, who became an African Methodist Episcopal minister after emancipation.The log cabin of Handy's birth has been saved and preserved in downtown Florence.He cited the sounds of nature, such as "whippoorwills, bats and hoot owls and their outlandish noises," the sounds of Cypress Creek washing on the fringes of the woodland, and "the music of every songbird and all the symphonies of their unpremeditated art" as inspiration.Growing up he apprenticed in carpentry, shoemaking and plastering, and bought his first guitar that he had seen in a local shop window and had secretly saved for by picking berries, nuts and making lye soap, without his parents' permission.He then ordered him to "Take it back where it came from," and enrolled him in organ lessons.Musical and social development
Handy joined a local band as a teenager, but he kept this fact a secret from his parents.He purchased a cornet from a fellow band member and spent every free minute practicing it.It was better to us than the music of a martial drum corps, and our rhythms were far more complicated."They accompany themselves on anything from which they can extract a musical sound or rhythmical effect...".In September 1892, Handy traveled to Birmingham, Alabama to take a teaching exam, which he passed easily.He obtained a teaching job in Birmingham but soon learned that the teaching profession paid poorly.Later, Handy organized the Lauzetta Quartet.When the group read about the upcoming World's Fair in Chicago, they decided to attend.They finally arrived in Chicago only to learn that the World's Fair had been postponed for a year.The Lauzetta Quartet disbanded and Handy subsequently left St.In Evansville, Handy's luck changed dramatically.He joined a successful band which performed throughout the neighboring cities and states.While performing at a barbecue in Henderson, Kentucky, he met Elizabeth Price, and they married shortly afterwards (on July 19, 1896).At age 23, he was band master of Mahara's Colored Minstrels.As a young man, he played cornet in the Chicago World's Fair in 1893, and in 1902 he traveled throughout Mississippi listening to various musical styles played by ordinary Negroes.The instruments most often used in many of those songs were the guitar, banjo and to a much lesser extent, the piano.His remarkable memory served him well, and he was able to recall and transcribe the music he heard in his travels.Upon their return from their Cuban engagements, they traveled north through Alabama, and stopped to perform in Huntsville, Alabama.Around that time, William Hooper Councill, President of Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College for Negroes ( which is today named Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University) in Normal, Alabama (a small community just outside Huntsville) approached Handy about teaching music.Handy accepted Councill's offer and became a faculty member that September.He taught music there from 1900 to 1902.An important factor in his musical development and in music history, was his enthusiasm for the distinctive style of uniquely American music which was often considered inferior to European classical music.Handy felt he was underpaid and felt he could make more money touring with a minstrel group and after a dispute with AAMC President Councill, he resigned his teaching position to rejoin the Mahara Minstrels to tour the Midwest and Pacific Northwest.In 1903 he was offered the opportunity to direct a black band named the Knights of Pythias, located in Clarksdale, Mississippi.Handy accepted and remained there six years.In 1903 while waiting for a train in Tutwiler, in the Mississippi Delta, Handy had the following experience.Negro had commenced plunking a guitar beside me while I slept...The singer repeated the line three times, accompanying himself on the guitar with the weirdest music I had ever heard."After playing an old time Southern melody, Handy was asked if he would object if a local colored band played a few numbers.The strumming attained a disturbing monotony, but on and on it went, a kind of stuff associated with cane rows and levee camps.Handy also noted square dancing by Negroes in Mississippi with "one of their own calling the figures", and crooning all of his calls in the key of G."He would later recall this experience when deciding on the key for St Louis Blues.In describing "blind singers and footloose bards" around Clarksdale Handy wrote, "surrounded by crowds of country folks, they would pour their hearts out in song"...The genesis of his "Memphis Blues" was as a campaign tune originally entitled as "Mr.Handy's first popular success, "Memphis Blues".Handy was aged 40, his musical style was asserted, his popularity increased significantly, and he composed prolifically.Handy wrote the following regarding his use of what he heard in folk song.Whether in the cotton field of the Delta or on the Levee up St.Till then, however, I had never heard this slur used by a more sophisticated Negro, or by any white man.Again referring to "what have since become known as "blue notes"", Handy states that "the transitional flat thirds and seventh in my melody" were his attempt "to suggest the typical slurs of the Negro voice".Handy with his 1918 Memphis Orchestra: Handy is center rear, wearing mustache, holding trumpet.Another detail was noted, "In the folk blues the singer fills up occasional gaps with words like "Oh, lawdy" or "Oh, baby" and the like.Handy detailed the sources for his creations in his autobiography, as detailed above, and noted that, "it should be clear by now that my blues are built around or suggested by, rather than constructed of, the snatches, phrases, cries and idioms such as I have illustrated.Others are of the opinion, though, that it is now impossible to tell just how much Handy himself wrote, and how much originated with the itinerant singers that he heard.By the end of that year, his most successful songs, "Memphis Blues", "Beale Street Blues", and "St.Handy initially had little fondness for this new "jazz" music, but jazz bands dove into the repertoire of W.Handy compositions with enthusiasm, making many of them jazz standards.While trying to establish his Memphis band, Handy complained to his Aunt Matt Jordan that other bands made mistakes while his men played "perfect".His Aunt remarked, "Honey, white folks like to hear colored folks make some mistakes.""In this one remark", wrote Handy, "can be hidden the source or secret of jazz."Handy's foray into publishing was noteworthy for several reasons.Not only were his works groundbreaking because of his ethnicity, but he was among the first blacks who were successful because of it.In 1912, Handy met Harry H.Pace at the Solvent Savings Bank in Memphis.By the time of their meeting, Pace had already demonstrated a strong understanding of business and earned his business reputation by rebuilding failing businesses.Handy liked him, and he later became manager of Pace and Handy Sheet Music.Sometime during his association with Pace, Handy recounted the following experience with racism, one of many during his life time.Negroes to humiliate and intimidate them...While in New York City, Handy noted that "..They were therefore the ones most ready to introduce our numbers."The result was that these performers became our most effective pluggers."Handy associated with individuals such as Al Bernard, "a young white man" with a "soft Southern accent" who "could sing all my Blues".Handy sent Bernard to Thomas Edison to be recorded, which resulted in "an impressive series of successes for the young artist, successes in which we proudly shared".Handy also published the original Shake Rattle and Roll and Saxophone Blues both written by Bernard."Two young white ladies from Selma, Alabama (Madelyn Sheppard and Annelu Burns) contributed the songs "Pickaninny Rose" and "O Saroo" the music published by Handy's company."These numbers, plus our blues, gave us a reputation as publishers of Negro music."Handy signed a deal with the Victor company."We were making too much money evidently."In 1920, however Perry Bradford was able to get Mamie Smith to record two non blues songs written by himself, and published by Handy accompanied by a white band: "That Thing Called Love" and "You Can't Keep a Good Man Down".When Bradford's Crazy Blues became a hit as recorded by Smith, "Colored blues singers, being in great demand, were contracted forthwith."With the bitterness of sharp competition, "Our business began to fall away as steadily as it had grown."Handy, with whom he also collaborated as lyricist.As Handy wrote: "To add to my woes, my partner withdrew from the business.He simply chose this time to sever connection with our firm in order that he might organize Pace Phonograph Company, issuing Black Swan Records and making a serious bid for the Negro market.With Pace went a large number of our employees.Still more confusion and anguish grew out of the fact that people did not generally know that I had no stake in the Black Swan Record Company."Bessie Smith's January 14, 1925, Columbia Records recording of "St.Louis Blues" with Louis Armstrong is considered by many to be one of the finest recordings of the 1920s.Handy celebrating his 65th birthday at the Cotton Club.South and the history of the United States.So successful was Handy's "St.Handy suggested blues singer Bessie Smith be placed in the starring role, since she had gained widespread popularity with that tune.The genre of the blues was a hallmark of American society and culture in the 1920s and 1930s.So great was its influence, and so much was it recognized as Handy's hallmark, that author F.Following publication of his autobiography, Handy published a subsequent book on African American musicians entitled Unsung Americans Sung, which was published in 1944.An accidental fall from a subway platform in 1943 resulted in his blindness.In 1955 he suffered a stroke and became confined to a wheelchair.Handy succumbed to acute bronchial pneumonia and died.Over 150,000 people gathered in the streets near the church to pay their respects.He is buried in the Woodlawn Cemetery in Bronx, New York."Memphis Blues", written 1909, published 1912."Saint Louis Blues" (1912), "the jazzman's Hamlet."Possibly the first song to complain of modern synthetics, "with milkless milk and silkless silk, we're growing used to soulless soul.""Aunt Hagar's Blues", the biblical Hagar, handmaiden to Abraham and Sarah, was considered the "mother" of the African Americans."Atlanta Blues", includes the song known as "Make Me a Pallet on your Floor" as its chorus.Handy, age 75, appearing in Billy Rose's "Violins Over Broadway", is introduced by Cab Calloway.On April 27, 1928 he performed a program of jazz, blues, plantation songs, work songs, piano solos, spirituals and a Negro rhapsody in Carnegie Hall.He performed at the Chicago World's Fair in 1933 and 1934 and the New York World's Fair in 1939 and 1940.Handy (1954)
He is referenced in Prof.Six Trombones in Meredith Willson's 1957 musical The Music Man.It was released the year of Handy's death.He is referenced in Marc Cohn's 1991 song Walking in Memphis, covered by Lonestar, Cher, and other artists.Touched down in the land of the Delta Blues, in the middle of the pouring rain.Handy, won't you look down over me?"He was inducted into the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame in 1985, and was a 1993 Inductee into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame, with the Lifework Award for Performing Achievement.Citing 2003 as "the centennial anniversary of when W.Handy composed the first Blues music..."United States Senate in 2002 passed a resolution declaring the year beginning February 1, 2003 as the "Year of the Blues."Each November 16, Handy's birthday is celebrated with free music, birthday cake and free admission to the W.Handy Museum in Florence, Alabama.An autographed 1937 photo from W.Handy Award until the name change in 2006.Handy Music Festival is held annually in the Muscle Shoals area of Florence, Alabama.Jimmy Smith, Ramsey Lewis, Dizzy Gillespie, Bobby Blue Bland, Diane Schuur, Billy Taylor, Dianne Reeves and Charlie Byrd, Ellis Marsalis and Take 6.Handy Park is a city park located on Beale Street in Memphis, Tennessee.June on the banks of the Ohio River in downtown Henderson, Kentucky.In 1979, New York City joined the list of institutions and municipalities to honor Handy by naming one block of West 52nd Street in Manhattan "W.References
Father of the Blues: An Autobiography.Handy, edited by Arna Bontemps: foreword by Abbe Niles.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Handy, edited by Arna Bontemps: foreword by Abbe Niles.Father of the Blues: An Autobiography.Handy, edited by Arna Bontemps: foreword by Abbe Niles.Handy, edited by Arna Bontemps: foreword by Abbe Niles.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Escaping the Delta: Standing at the Crossroads of the Blues By Elijah Wald.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Father of the Blues by William Christopher Handy.Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
W.Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:
W.Listen
Handy's Memphis Blues Band 1922 performance of "St.Louis Blues": audio on redhotjazz.Bessie Smith sings the "Saint Louis Blues", accompanied by Louis Armstrong and Fred Longshaw, 1925: audio on redhotjazz.Handy website at the University of North Alabama
Official Site of the Annual W.Handy Music Festival in Florence, Alabama
W.Handy's gravesite
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