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Ice biography, Ice discography
Conrad Agagan knew early on that he wanted to pursue a career in law enforcement.Border Patrol in 1996, and he later served in a variety of capacities around the country with the legacy INS and now ICE.The men and women of DRO are among the most dedicated group of officers I have worked with.In spite of the long hours, many days or weeks of travel, and the toll it can take on a family, DRO officers still continue to carry on with the mission.January 1, 1970 GMT)
document.This article is about water ice.For the use of "ice" in the planetary sciences, see volatiles.For other uses, see Ice (disambiguation).Ice is the name given to any one of the 15 known crystalline solid phases of water.Ih, which is known to be the most abundant of these phases.F) at standard atmospheric pressure.It can also deposit from a vapor with no intervening liquid phase, such as in the formation of frost.Ice appears in nature in forms as varied as snowflakes and hail, icicles, glaciers, pack ice, and entire polar ice caps.Furthermore, ice has numerous cultural applications, from the ice cooling one's drink to winter sports and ice sculpture.Types of ice
3 Uses of ice
3.As a naturally occurring crystalline solid, ice is considered a mineral consisting of hydrogen oxide.Ice has a density of 0.Liquid water is most dense, essentially 1.This is due to hydrogen bonds forming between the water molecules, which line up molecules less efficiently (in terms of volume) when water is frozen.The result of this is that ice floats on liquid water, which is an important factor in Earth's climate.It is also theoretically possible to superheat ice beyond its equilibrium melting point.Simulations of ultrafast laser pulses acting on ice show it can be heated up to room temperature for an extremely short period (250 ps) without melting it.Light reflecting from ice can appear blue, because ice absorbs more of the red frequencies than the blue ones.Also, icebergs containing impurities (e.Until recently, it was widely believed that ice was slippery because the pressure of an object in contact with it caused a thin layer to melt.For example, the blade of an ice skate, exerting pressure on the ice, melted a thin layer, providing lubrication between the ice and the blade.There is still debate about why ice is slippery.The explanation gaining acceptance is that ice molecules in contact with air cannot properly bond with the molecules of the mass of ice beneath (and thus are free to move like molecules of liquid water).These molecules remain in a semiliquid state, providing lubrication regardless of pressure against the ice exerted by any object.This phenomenon does not seem to hold true at all temperatures.Ice coating the branches of a tree.Feather ice on the plateau near Alta, Norway.Everyday ice and snow has a hexagonal crystal structure (ice Ih).Subjected to higher pressures and varying temperatures, ice can form in roughly a dozen different phases.With both cooling and pressure more types exist, the formation conditions for each being represented on the phase diagram of ice.These are II, III, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, and X.With care all these types can be recovered at ambient pressure.The types are differentiated by their crystalline structure, ordering and density.There are also two metastable phases of ice under pressure, both fully hydrogen disordered, these are IV and XII.Ice XII was discovered in 1996.Ih, V, and XII respectively.As well as crystalline forms, solid water can exist in amorphous states as amorphous solid water (ASW), low density amorphous ice (LDA), high density amorphous ice (HDA), very high density amorphous ice (VHDA) and hyperquenched glassy water (HGW).Rime is a type of ice formed on cold objects when drops of water crystalize on them.Soft rime contains a high proportion of trapped air, making it appear white rather than transparent, and giving it a density about one quarter of that of pure ice.Hard rime is comparatively denser.Aufeis is layered ice that forms in arctic and subarctic stream valleys.Ice frozen in the stream bed blocks normal groundwater discharge and causes the local water table to rise, resulting in water discharge on top of the frozen layer.This water then freezes, causing the water table to rise further and repeat the cycle.The result is a stratified ice deposit, often several meters thick.Clathrate hydrates are forms of ice that contain gas molecules trapped within its crystal lattice.Pancake ice is a formation of ice generally created in areas with less calm conditions.In outer space hexagonal crystalline ice, the predominant form on Earth, is extremely rare.Amorphous ice is more common; however, hexagonal crystalline ice can be formed via volcanic action.Harvesting ice on Lake Saint Clair in Michigan, circa 1905.Ice has long been valued as a means of cooling.Until recently, the Hungarian Parliament building used ice harvested in the winter from Lake Balaton for air conditioning.In many cities it was not unusual to have a regular ice delivery service during the summer.For the first half of the 19th century, ice harvesting had become big business in America.The advent of artificial refrigeration technology has since made delivery of ice obsolete.In 400 BC Iran, Persian engineers had already mastered the technique of storing ice in the middle of summer in the desert.The ice was brought in during the winters from nearby mountains in bulk amounts, and stored in specially designed, naturally cooled refrigerators, called yakhchal (meaning ice storage).The ice was then used to chill treats for royalty during hot summer days.Ice also plays a role in winter recreation, in many sports such as ice skating, tour skating, ice hockey, ice fishing, ice climbing, curling, broomball and sled racing on bobsled, luge and skeleton.Many of the different sports played on ice get international attention every four years during the Winter Olympic Games.The human quest for excitement has even led to ice racing, where drivers must speed on lake ice while also controlling the skid of their vehicle (similar in some ways to dirt track racing).The sport has even been modified for ice rinks.Coast Guard icebreakers near McMurdo Station, February 2002.Ice forming on roads is a dangerous winter hazard.Black ice is very difficult to see because it lacks the expected frosty surface.Whenever there is freezing rain or snow that occurs at a temperature near the melting point, it is common for ice to build up on the windows of vehicles.Far enough below the freezing point, a thin layer of ice crystals can form on the inside surface of windows.This usually happens when a vehicle has been left alone after being driven for a while, but can happen while driving if the outside temperature is low enough.When the outdoor temperature stays below freezing for extended periods, very thick layers of ice can form on lakes and other bodies of water (although places with flowing water require much colder temperatures).The ice can become thick enough to drive onto with automobiles and trucks.Doing this safely requires a thickness of at least 30 centimeters (one foot).For ships, ice presents two distinct hazards.Icebergs have been responsible for the sinking of many ships, a notable example being the Titanic.For aircraft, ice can cause a number of dangers.As an aircraft climbs, it passes through air layers of different temperature and humidity, some of which may be conducive to ice formation.If ice forms on the wings or control surfaces, this may adversely affect the flying qualities of the aircraft.Brown left the cockpit and climbed onto the wing several times to remove ice which was covering the engine air intakes of the Vickers Vimy aircraft they were flying.This will block the supply of air to the engine, and cause it to fail.Aircraft reciprocating engines with carburettors are provided with carburettor air intake heaters for this reason.Other uses of ice
Engineers used pack ice's formidable strength when they constructed Antarctica's first floating ice pier in 1973.Such ice piers are used during cargo operations to load and offload ships.Ice piers have a lifespan of three to five years.The manufacture and use of ice cubes or crushed ice is common for drinks.Pagophagia, a type of pica eating disorder, is the compulsive consumption of ice.Structures and ice sculptures are built out of large chunks of ice.Ice hotels exist on a seasonal basis in a few cold areas.Igloos are another example of a temporary structure, made primarily from snow.During World War II, Project Habbakuk was a British program which investigated the use of pykrete (wood fibres mixed with ice) as a possible material for warships, especially aircraft carriers due to the ease with which a large deck could be constructed, but the idea was given up when there were not enough funds for construction of a prototype.Ice can be used to start a fire by carving it into a lens that will focus sunlight onto kindling.Furthermore, ice cores help provide historical climate information.In January and February 1658, the straits between the islands of Denmark, Great Belt and Little Belt froze over, allowing a Swedish army to March across the Belts and defeat the Danish army.The resulting Treaty of Roskilde ceded large areas of Denmark to Sweden.Ice at different pressures
Most liquids freeze at a higher temperature under pressure because the pressure helps to hold the molecules together.The melting of ice under high pressures is thought to contribute to why glaciers move.Ice formed at high pressure has a different crystal structure and density than ordinary ice.Ice, water, and water vapor can coexist at the triple point, which is 273.Amorphous ice
Amorphous ice is an ice lacking crystal structure.LDA) formed at atmospheric pressure, or below, high density (HDA) and very high density amorphous ice (VHDA), forming at higher pressures.LDA forms by extremely quick cooling of liquid water ("hyperquenched glassy water", HGW), by depositing water vapour on very cold substrates ("amorphous solid water", ASW) or by heating high density forms of ice at ambient pressure ("LDA").Ice Ih
Normal hexagonal crystalline ice.Virtually all ice in the biosphere is ice Ih, with the exception only of a small amount of ice Ic.Ice Ic
A Metastable cubic crystalline variant of ice.K, and is stable for up to 200 K, when it transforms into ice Ih.It is occasionally present in the upper atmosphere.Ice II
A rhombohedral crystalline form with highly ordered structure.When heated it undergoes transformation to ice III.Ice III
A tetragonal crystalline ice, formed by cooling water down to 250 K at 300 MPa.Ice IV
A Metastable rhombohedral phase.Does not easily form without a nucleating agent.Ice V
A monoclinic crystalline phase.Formed by cooling water to 253 K at 500 MPa.Most complicated structure of all the phases.Ice VI
A tetragonal crystalline phase.Ice VII
A cubic phase.The hydrogen bonds form two interpenetrating lattices.Ice VIII
A more ordered version of ice VII, where the hydrogen atoms assume fixed positions.Ice IX
A tetragonal metastable phase.Formed gradually from ice III by cooling it from 208 K to 165 K, stable below 140 K and pressures between 200 and 400 MPa.Ice XII
A tetragonal metastable dense crystalline phase.It is observed in the phase space of ice V and ice VI.Ice XIII
A monoclinic crystalline phase.Ice XIV
An orthorhombic crystalline phase.Formed below 118 K at 1."Unique ice pier provides harbor for ships," Antarctic Sun.Parameter to measure the size of a sea ice floe.Look up Ice in
Wiktionary, the free dictionary.WebCalculation
The phase diagram of water, including the ice variants
Webmineral listing for Ice
MinDat.Ice pier during 1983 cargo operations.Ice on a fence, frozen during winter.An ancient ice house (yakhchal) in Kerman, Iran, built during the Middle Ages for storing harvested ice.Ice forming on a wooden railing.All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.For the character Sigrid Nansen, see Icemaiden.Created by
Keith Giffen (writer)
J.Ice (Tora Olafsdotter) is a fictional character, a comic book superheroine in publications from DC Comics.Publication history
Ice is a separate character from Icemaiden, although the two are similar in appearance, group affiliation and powers.When Icemaiden first appeared, she had blue skin, pointy ears and was named Sigrid Nansen.When the character joined Justice League International, the comic book creators believed that her real name had never been given but were mistaken; it was revealed in the Global Guardians entry in Who's Who in the DC Universe.After Ice was killed, the original Icemaiden (Sigrid Nansen) joined the Justice League.Icemaiden, and quit the Global Guardians when Tora appeared.Norsemen, Tora Olafsdotter has the natural ability to create and manipulate ice.She joined the Global Guardians as Norway's member (replacing Icemaiden Sigrid Nansen) after they promised to protect her people, but after the Guardians' UN funding was withdrawn in the wake of the Justice League's reformation as the Justice League International, her friend Green Flame (later Fire) talked her into walking up to a JLI embassy and asking for a job.The two changed their names from Green Flame and Icemaiden to Fire and Ice.Ice served with the Justice League International for years (remaining with the American branch even after a European branch was opened), occasionally dated Green Lantern Guy Gardner, and expressed an open crush (albeit unrequited) on Superman after he joined the team.She was one of the few Justice Leagers still standing after Doomsday, Superman's killer, had mauled the team.Mark Waid, who wrote those issues, has admitted that the death was a mistake.Before her death, Ice displayed enhanced powers.This was after a battle with her brother, who had tried to conquer Ice's homeland.Ghost appearances
Ice has appeared on several occasions since her death.Fire and Cruiser are involved in an accident which leaves them cold, tired and snowbound.They swap their life stories, and as she begins to drift into unconsciousness, which would be fatal following her concussion, Fire sees a vision of her late friend Ice, who helps her decide to live.It is not revealed if Ice was a ghost or a figment of Fire's imagination, but Fire awoke to a warm burning fire and she and Cruiser had traded sitting positions.She and several other deceased JLA members are resurrected by Felix Faust.In the end, she sacrifices herself again to save the JLA from his dark magic, and recites the same final words she spoke when killed by the Overmaster.Either the spirit or an illusion of Ice appeared in I Can't Believe It's Not The Justice League, in which she was (possibly mistakenly) damned to Hell or a dimension similar to Hell.After Fire and Guy Gardner negotiate her release, Fire looks behind to see that Ice is following while they leave, which violates Hell's Orpheus clause, causing Ice's spirit to vanish.Ice, even though they had never been entirely certain that this manifestation was really her.It is implied that Ice vanished to Valhalla.Resurrection
While on mission in Azerbaijan, Barbara Gordon's Birds of Prey discover Ice unconscious within a Rocket Red exosuit which they wrest from the possession of an underworld figure, Kerimov.Kerimov has hired the Secret Six to transport the exosuit, and the Birds of Prey and Secret Six would come to blows after Big Barda and Huntress capture it.Kerimov plans to use the resurrection of a goddess to manipulate the Russian people by playing on their superstitions about ice princesses, and to use her great power to make himself a powerful ruler.Tora, awakened by a member of the team, is enraged and unleashes her wrath upon both the Birds of Prey and Catman's Secret Six: she seeks to avenge her own murder.Huntress' mention of Guy Gardner, in addition to a hard slap, brings Ice back to her senses, while Deadshot dispatches Kerimov.Ice leaves the country in the company of the Birds of Prey.Checkmate, where they talk about old times and catch up on current ones.Although Ice is in the care of Fire and Checkmate, she has ventured out on occasion, helping Earth's heroes during the Sinestro Corps War.Tora asks for time to figure out what her resurrection means before entering into a relationship.Guy agrees, proposing that they simply begin the relationship anew.Ice can project in various forms quantities of ice and snow through her hands just enough to down an opponent.She can create platforms of ice upon which she can skate.She was able to generate larger amounts of ice and snow, and gained super strength and the ability to fly.After her resurrection in Birds of Prey, Ice's powers seem incredibly destructive, expelling people from the building she's in as she awakens with bright white eyes, and conjuring a massive icy figure before her as well as controlling the weather to some degree, by causing the beginning of a blizzard far stronger than those known in that area.TV movie pilot Justice League of America.Ice and Fire have both made several appearances in the Justice League Unlimited animated series, though only Fire had speaking roles.Fire and Ice are often seen together in the animated series, as is the case in the comics.Ice's costume is a leotard with an iceberg insignia on the chest.She sports short, white hair.DC Direct will be releasing a line of Justice League International figures designed by Kevin Maguire.Ice will be included in that set, wearing her Global Guardians costume, which is what she wore during Maguire's run on the title.This page was last modified on 2 May 2008, at 03:39.All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.The ice of his manner betrayed his dislike of the new ambassador.We'll ice the deal tomorrow.The star pitcher wouldn't sign his new contract until the team iced it with a big bonus.The mobsters threatened to ice him if he went to the police.Her second goal iced the game.The sherbet is icing in the refrigerator.The windshield has iced up.The chairman broke the ice with his warm and very amusing remarks.Her father's position cuts no ice with me.You've been complaining all day, so ice it.Now that the contract is on ice we can begin operating again.Let's put that topic on ice for the moment.You may pass the course, but you're on thin ice right now.Also, skating on thin ice.To learn more about ice visit Britannica.Something resembling frozen water: ammonia ice.Sports The playing field in ice hockey; the rink.Slang A payment over the listed price of a ticket for a public event.To cause to become ice; freeze.To chill by setting in or as if in ice.Slang To ensure of victory, as in a game; clinch.Sports To shoot (the puck) from one's defensive half of an ice hockey rink across the opponent's goal line outside of the goal.To turn into or become coated with ice; freeze: The pond iced over.Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.Slang meaning "diamonds" is attested from 1906.Ice cream is first recorded 1688 (as iced cream); icing in the sugary sense is from 1769; ice cube first recorded 1929.To break the ice "to make the first opening to any attempt" is from 1590, metaphoric of making passages for boats by breaking up river ice though in modern use usually with implications of "cold reserve."Share This
ice see break the ice; cut no ice; on ice; on thin ice; put on ice; tip of the iceberg.Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.Example: The pond is covered with ice.Example: She iced the cake.Ice expands during the process of freezing, with the result that its density is lower than that of water.The nuclei of many comets contain methane ice.In ironic reference to the speculative usage, however, some hackers and computer scientists formed ICE (International Cryptographic Experiment) in 1994.ICE is a consortium to promote uniform international access to strong cryptography.Note: Formerly the largest and strongest anchor was the sheet anchor (hence, Fig.Now the bower and the sheet anchor are usually alike.Kedges or kedge anchors are light anchors used in warping.That which gives stability or security; that on which we place dependence for safety.Which hope we have as an anchor of the soul.The anchor comes home, when it drags over the bottom as the ship drifts.Foul anchor, the anchor when it hooks, or is entangled with, another anchor, or with a cable or wreck, or when the slack cable entangled.The anchor is acockbill, when it is suspended perpendicularly from the cathead, ready to be let go.The anchor is apeak, when the cable is drawn in do tight as to bring to ship directly over it.The anchor is atrip, or aweigh, when it is lifted out of the ground.To back an anchor, to increase the holding power by laying down a small anchor ahead of that by which the ship rides, with the cable fastened to the crown of the latter to prevent its coming home.See Ice machine, under Ice.Freezing mixture, a mixture (of salt and snow or of chemical salts) for producing intense cold.Water or other fluid frozen or reduced to the solid state by cold; frozen water.Ice owes its cooling properties to the large amount of heat required to melt it.Any substance having the appearance of ice; as, camphor ice.Anchor ice, ice which sometimes forms about stones and other objects at the bottom of running or other water, and is thus attached or anchored to the ground.Bay ice, ice formed in bays, fiords, etc.Ice box or chest, a box for holding ice; a box in which things are kept cool by means of ice; a refrigerator.Ice brook, a brook or stream as cold as ice.Ice field, an extensive sheet of ice.Ice float, Ice floe, a sheet of floating ice similar to an ice field, but smaller.Ice foot, shore ice in Arctic regions; an ice belt.Ice machine (Physics), a machine for making ice artificially, as by the production of a low temperature through the sudden expansion of a gas or vapor, or the rapid evaporation of a volatile liquid.Ice pack, an irregular mass of broken and drifting ice.Puffinus gelidus) of the Antarctic seas, abundant among floating ice.Ice pick, a sharp instrument for breaking ice into small pieces.Ice pitcher, a pitcher adapted for ice water.Ice plow, a large tool for grooving and cutting ice.Ice sludge, bay ice broken small by the wind or waves; sludge.Ice tongs, large iron nippers for handling ice.Water formed by the melting of ice.Water ice, a confection consisting of water sweetened, flavored, and frozen.To chill or cool, as with ice; to freeze.Note: Icebergs are large detached portions of glaciers, which in cold regions often project into the sea.Covered with something resembling ice, as sugar icing; frosted; as, iced cake.Same as Ice cream, under Ice.Pertaining to, resembling, or abounding in, ice; cold; frosty.Characterized by coldness, as of manner, influence, etc.The fluid which descends from the clouds in rain, and which forms rivers, lakes, seas, etc.Note: Pure water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, H2O, and is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, transparent liquid, which is very slightly compressible.It is an important ingredient in the tissue of animals and plants, the human body containing about two thirds its weight of water.Remembering he had passed over a small water a poor scholar when first coming to the university, he kneeled.Any liquid secretion, humor, or the like, resembling water; esp.Hence, of the first water, that is, of the first excellence.Inch of water, a unit of measure of quantity of water, being the quantity which will flow through an orifice one inch square, or a circular orifice one inch in diameter, in a vertical surface, under a stated constant head; also called miner's inch, and water inch.The shape of the orifice and the head vary in different localities.Mineral water, waters which are so impregnated with foreign ingredients, such as gaseous, sulphureous, and saline substances, as to give them medicinal properties, or a particular flavor or temperature.To keep one's head above water, to keep afloat; fig.Water on the brain (Med.Share This
Ice
frequently mentioned (Job 6:16; 38:29; Ps.Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.Shop for books, music and more
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