Ignatius biography, Ignatius discography
Major shrine
Relics are in St.Saint Ignatius of Antioch (also known as Theophorus) (ca.En route to his martyrdom in Rome, Ignatius wrote a series of letters which have been preserved as an example of the theology of the earliest Christians.Important topics addressed in these letters include ecclesiology, the sacraments, and the role of bishops.Ignatius' feast day is observed on December 20 in Eastern Christianity.Ignatius, along with Clement of Rome and Polycarp of Smyrna, is one of the chief Apostolic Fathers, early Christian authors who reportedly knew the apostles personally.Ignatius was Bishop of Antioch after Saint Peter and St.Making his apostolic succession even more immediate, Theodoret (Dial.I, iv, 33a) reported that Peter himself appointed Ignatius to the see of Antioch.Besides his Latin name, Ignatius, he also called himself Theophorus ("God Bearer"), and tradition says he was one of the children Jesus took in His arms and blessed.Ignatius was most likely a disciple of the Apostle John.Ignatius is one of the Apostolic Fathers (the earliest authoritative group of the Church Fathers).He based his authority on living his life in imitation of Christ.From Syria even to Rome I fight with wild beasts, by land and sea, by night and by day, being bound amidst ten leopards, even a company of soldiers, who only grow worse when they are kindly treated.Ignatius to the Romans, 5.He was sentenced to die in the arena.Ignatius' arrest and his travails and martyrdom is the material of the Martyrium Ignatii which is presented as being an eyewitness account for the church of Antioch, and as if written by Ignatius' companions, Philo of Cilicia, deacon at Tarsus, and Rheus Agathopus, a Syrian.The Martyrium presents the confrontation of the bishop Ignatius with Trajan at Antioch, a familiar trope of Acta of the martyrs, and many details of the long, partly overland voyage to Rome.Ignatius have proved to be important testimony to the development of Catholic theology, since the number of extant writings from this period of church history is very small.Earlier writings only mention either bishops or presbyters, and give the impression that there was usually more than one bishop per congregation.Ignatius stressed the value of the Eucharist, calling it a "medicine of immortality" (Ignatius to the Ephesians 20:2).The very strong desire for bloody martyrdom in the arena, which Ignatius expresses rather graphically in places, may seem quite odd to the modern reader.An examination of his theology of soteriology shows that he regarded salvation as one being free from the powerful fear of death and thus to bravely face martyrdom.Be not seduced by strange doctrines nor by antiquated fables, which are profitless.If then those who had walked in ancient practices attained unto newness of hope, no longer observing Sabbaths but fashioning their lives after the Lord's day, on which our life also arose through Him and through His death which some men deny ...It is not lawful to baptize or give communion without the consent of the bishop.On the other hand, whatever has his approval is pleasing to God.Thus, whatever is done will be safe and valid.Letter to the Smyrnaeans 8, J.It is from the word katholikos that the word "catholic" comes.When Ignatius wrote the Letter to the Smyrnaeans in about the year 107 and used the word "catholic", he used it as if it were a word already in use to describe the Church.They who deny the gift of God are perishing in their disputes.Churches and I enjoin all, that I am dying willingly for God's sake, if only you do not prevent it.God's wheat, and I am to be ground by the teeth of wild beast, so that i may become the pure bread of Christ.See "Ignatius" in The Westminster Dictionary of Church History, ed.Jerald Brauer (Philadelphia:Westminster, 1971) and also David Hugh Farmer, "Ignatius of Antioch" in The Oxford Dictionary of the Saints (New York:Oxford University Press, 1987).Ignatius' letters
Catholic Encyclopedia: St.Ignatius of Antioch
The Short Syriac Version
The Ecclesiology of St.Ignatius of Antioch by Fr.Ignatian Spirituality
Spiritual Exercises
Ad maiorem Dei gloriam
Magis
Discernment
Famous Jesuits
St.Members of the order are called Jesuits.He was beatified and then canonized to receive the title of Saint on March 12, 1622.His feast day is July 31, celebrated annually.The youngest of 13 children, Ignatius was only seven years old when his mother died.According to Thomas Rochford sj.But when the French army, supporting the Navarrese monarchy expelled in 1512, stormed the Pamplona's fortress on May 20, 1521, a cannonball shot wounded one of his legs and broke the other.Francis of Assisi and other great monastic leaders.Christians in the Holy Land.Upon recovery, he visited the Benedictine monastery of Montserrat (March 25, 1522), where he hung his military vestments before an image of the Virgin.He then went and spent several months in a cave near the town of Manresa, Catalonia where he practiced the most rigorous asceticism.He begged his journey to the Holy Land, as a way of self denial and sacrifice.In later life, he was often called "Master Ignatius" in recognition of his final academic credential.Ignatius Loyola was the main creator and initial Superior General of the Society of Jesus, a religious organization of the Catholic Church which agreed straight service to the Pope in conditions of mission.The Members of the organization are called Jesuits.The book was 200 pages and was designed to enhance and strengthen a person's faith experience in Roman Catholic Church manners.Jerusalem, or to go without questioning wherever the pope might direct".In 1537 they traveled to Italy to seek papal approval for their order.While in Venice, they attended those affected by the plague.Pope Paul III confirmed the order through the bull Regimini militantis (September 27, 1540), but limited the number of its members to sixty.He refused to allow the Society of Jesus to discriminate against conversos who wished to join.Father General of the Jesuits
Ignatius was chosen as the first Superior General of his religious order, invested with the title of Father General by the Jesuits.Juan de Vega, the ambassador of Charles V at Rome had met Ignatius there.Esteeming him and the Jesuits, when Vega was appointed Viceroy of Sicily he brought Jesuits with him.Jesuit college was opened at Messina; success was marked, and its rules and methods were afterwards copied in other colleges.In 1548 Spiritual Exercises was finally printed, and he was briefly brought before the Roman Inquisition, but was released.This autobiography is a valuable key for the understanding of his Spiritual Exercises.It was kept in the archives for about 150 years, until the Bollandists published the text in Acta Sanctorum.He died in Rome on July 31, 1556 after a long struggle with chronic stomach ailments.Ignatius was beatified by Paul V on July 27, 1609, and canonized by Gregory XV on March 12, 1622.His feast day is celebrated annually on July 31, the day he died.Saint Ignatius is venerated as the patron saint of Catholic soldiers, the ordinariate of the Philippine military, the Basque country and various towns and cities in his native region.On April 22, 2006, Feast of Our Lady, Mother of the Society of Jesus, Pope Benedict XVI said that "St Ignatius of Loyola institutions, are dedicated to St Ignatius."Perhaps the most famous of them is Basilica of St Ignacius Loyola built next to the house where he was born in Azpeitia, the Basque Country.The house itself, now a museum, is incorporated into the basilica complex.Hernando de Loyola (+ in Panama, New World)
*.Gallaiztegui, notary from Anzuola
*.Petronila de Loyola, wife of Pedro Ochoa de Arriola
*.Catholic work Ignatius His Conclave (1611) satirizes the Jesuits.But Ignatius Layola which was got neere his chaire, a subtile fellow, and so indued with the Divell, that he was able to tempt, and not onely that, but (as they say) even to possesse the Divell, apprehended this perplexity in Lucifer.Ignatius is subsequently ejected from Hell and ordered to colonize the moon where he will do less harm.St Ignatius is a principal character of the opera Four Saints in Three Acts by composer Virgil Thomson and librettist Gertrude Stein.Address of his Holiness Benedict XVI to the Fathers and Brothers of the Society of Jesus.St Ignatius of Loyola was first and foremost a man of God who in his life put God, his greatest glory and his greatest service, first.Gentilhombre should be understood as servant of the court.New York: Robert Appleton Company.BAC, Madrid 19861, 1066 p.Bibliography
Primary
The Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius (Translated by Anthony Mottola, Ph.Ignatius Loyola, translated by Joseph O'Conner.Ignatius Loyola, with Related Documents (J.Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Ignatius of Loyola: The Psychology of a Saint.Biography of Ignatius of Loyola
The world of Ignatius of Loyola
Letters of St.This page was last modified on 25 May 2008, at 03:28.Donaldson English Translation
English Translation by J.Donaldson English Translation
English Translation by J.Donaldson English Translation
English Translation by J.Donaldson English Translation
English Translation by J.Lightfoot
English Translation by C.The Epistles of Ignatius: Are They All Forgeries?Clement and the Ignatiana in Dutch Radical Criticism
Ignatius, John, and Paul
Ignatius and the Rise of Christianity
Glenn Davis: Ignatius of Antioch
Catholic Encyclopedia: St.Ignatius of Antioch
Handbook of Patrology: St.Charles Thomas Brown, The Gospel and Ignatius of Antioch (Peter Lang Publishing 2000)
Johannes Quasten, Epistles of St.Ignatius of Antioch (Paulist Press 1946)
Christine Trevett, A Study of Ignatius of Antioch in Syria and Asia (Edwin Mellen Press 1992)
Cyr Richardson, Christianity of Ignatius of Antioch (AMS Press 1980)
William R.Schoedel comments on the recensions of
Ignatius (The Anchor Bible Dictionary, v.Ignatius' martyrdom
in the reign of Trajan (A.Thus
the authenticity of (a) what is not often, though
misleadingly, called the "middle recension" is
generally accepted.Ussher had
rediscovered the middle recension.Colbertinus
1451), and this too was soon published by Th.Since the
interplations and the spurious letters are in all
likelihood the work of one person, these collections
represent a curious mixture of textual traditions.Please buy the CD to support the site and get bonus stuff!Also called Theophorus (ho Theophoros); born in Syria, around the year 50; died at Rome between 98 and 117.More than one of the earliest ecclesiastical writers have given credence, though apparently without good reason, to the legend that Ignatius was the child whom the Savior took up in His arms, as described in Mark 9:35.It is also believed, and with great probability, that, with his friend Polycarp, he was among the auditors of the Apostle St.Peter, Ignatius was the third Bishop of Antioch and the immediate successor of Evodius (Eusebius, "Hist.John Chrysostom lays special emphasis on the honor conferred upon the martyr in receiving his episcopal consecration at the hands of the Apostles themselves ("Hom.All the sterling qualities of ideal pastor and a true soldier of Christ were possessed by the Bishop of Antioch in a preeminent degree.Ignatius is a work called "Martyrium Ignatii", which purports to be an account by eyewitnesses of the martyrdom of St.Ignatius and the acts leading up to it.Tarsus, and Rheus Agathopus, a Syrian, who accompanied Ignatius to Rome.Instantly alert to the danger that threatened, Ignatius availed himself of all the means within his reach to thwart the purpose of the emperor.He was soon arrested and led before Trajan, who was then sojourning in Antioch.Accused by the emperor himself of violating the imperial edict, and of inciting others to like transgressions, Ignatius valiantly bore witness to the faith of Christ.That the trials of this journey to Rome were great we gather from his letter to the Romans (par."From Syria even to Rome I fight with wild beasts, by land and sea, by night and by day, being bound amidst ten leopards, even a company of soldiers, who only grow worse when they are kindly treated."Despite all this, his journey was a kind of triumph.Christians greeted him with words of comfort and reverential homage.The stay at Smyrna, which was a protracted one, gave the representatives of the various Christian communities in Asia Minor an opportunity of greeting the illustrious prisoner, and offering him the homage of the Churches they represented.Magnesia, and Tralles, deputations came to comfort him.Besides these letters, Ignatius had intended to address others to the Christian communities of Asia Minor, inviting them to give public expression to their sympathy with the brethren in Antioch, but the altered plans of his guards, necessitating a hurried departure, from Troas, defeated his purpose, and he was obliged to content himself with delegating this office to his friend Polycarp.At Troas they took ship for Neapolis.From this place their journey led them overland through Macedonia and Illyria.The next port of embarkation was probably Dyrrhachium (Durazzo).Whether having arrived at the shores of the Adriatic, he completed his journey by land or sea, it is impossible to determine.The Church celebrates the feast of St.Ignatius, as deduced from his own and the extant writings of his contemporaries, is that of a true athlete of Christ.Christian truth, were his chief characteristics.Eusebius in the first half of the fourth century, but which unfortunately is no longer extant.We find these seven mentioned not only by Eusebius ("Hist.Of later collections of Ignatian letters which have been preserved, the oldest is known as the "long recension".It contains the seven genuine and six spurious letters, but even the genuine epistles were greatly interpolated to lend weight to the personal views of its author.Associated with the foregoing is a letter from Mary of Cassobola to Ignatius.It is extremely probable that the interpolation of the genuine, the addition of the spurious letters, and the union of both in the long recension was the work of an Apollonarist of Syria or Egypt, who wrote towards the beginning of the fifth century.Eusebius and the long recension.Besides the seven genuine letters of Ignatius in their original form, it also contains the six spurious ones, with the exception of that to the Philippians.There is also an ancient Latin version which is an unusually exact rendering of the Greek.Syriac would be invaluable in determining the exact text of Ignatius, were it in existence, for the reason that it could not have been later than the fourth or fifth century.The deficiencies of the Armenian version are in part supplied by the abridged recension in the original Syriac.Mary Deipara in the Desert of Nitria.Also there are three letters extant only in Latin.Two of the three purport to be from Ignatius to St.These are probably of Western origin, dating no further back than the twelfth century.Each particular recension has had its apologists and its opponents.Each has been favored to the exclusion of all the others, and all, in turn, have been collectively rejected, especially by the coreligionists of Calvin.Catholic critics in their favor, in fact, it has added not a little to the heat of the controversy.In general, Catholic and Anglican scholars are ranged on the side of the letters written to the Ephesians, Magnesians, Trallians, Romans, Philadelphians, Smyrniots, and to Polycarp; whilst Presbyterians, as a rule, and perhaps a priori, repudiate everything claiming Ignatian authorship.The two letters to the Apostle St.John and the one to the Blessed Virgin, which exist only in Latin, are unanimously admitted to be spurious.The great body of critics who acknowledge the authenticity of the Ignatian letters restrict their approval to those mentioned by Eusebius and St.The six others are not defended by any of the early Fathers.The majority of those who acknowledge the Ignatian authorship of the seven letters do so conditionally, rejecting what they consider the obvious interpolations in these letters.In 1623, whilst the controversy was at its height, Vedelius gave expression to this latter opinion by publishing at Geneva an edition of the Ignatian letters in which the seven genuine letters are set apart from the five spurious.In the genuine letters he indicated what was regarded as interpolations.II) he called into question the authenticity of all seven letters.The discussion was reopened by Cureton's discovery (1843) of the abridged Syriac version, containing the letters of Ignatius to the Ephesians, Romans, and to Polycarp.As an intimate friend of Ignatius, Polycarp, writing shortly after the martyr's death, bears contemporaneous witness to the authenticity of these letters, unless, indeed, that of Polycarp itself be regarded as interpolated or forged.Ignatius", in "Historical Sketches", I, London, 1890) that "the whole system of Catholic doctrine may be discovered, at least in outline, not to say in parts filled up, in the course of his seven epistles".Divine authority to that of the priesthood (Magn.The heresy against which he chiefly inveighs is Docetism.Neither do the Judaizing heresies escape his vigorous condemnation.Valentinus Paceus published a Greek edition of twelve letters (Dillingen, 1557).Both of these editions made use of the Greek text of the long recension.In 1644 Archbishop Ussher edited the letters of Ignatius and Polycarp.Ussher brought out another edition in 1647, entitled "Appendix Ignatiana", which contained the Greek text of the genuine epistles and the Latin version of the "Martyrium Ignatii".Cotelier's edition appeared at Paris, containing all the letters, genuine and supposititious, of Ignatius, with those of the other Apostolic Fathers.Le Clerc at Antwerp, in 1698.It also includes the letters of Mary of Cassobola and those purporting to be from the Blessed Virgin in the "Martyrium Ignatii", the "Vindiciae Ignatianae" of Pearson, and several dissertations.Bardenhewer designates the following as the best editions: Zahn, "Ignatii et Polycarpi epistulae martyria, fragmenta" in "Patr.About this page
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