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S W P biography, S W P discography
Radical Left for having been the largest and most active promoter of Trotskyism in that country for about half of the 20th century.USFI, or splitting from them, or being expelled.One of the SWP's main priorities is supporting Pathfinder Press, which publishes titles by SWP leaders (Cannon, Dobbs, Reed, Barnes) as well as by revolutionaries from Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky to Malcolm X and Ernesto "Che" Guevara.Due to legal constraints, the SWP ended its formal affiliation with the Fourth International in the 1940s.The Socialist Workers Party broke politically with the (reunified) Fourth International in 1990 though it had been increasingly inactive in the Trotskyist movement since National Secretary Jack Barnes' 1982 speech, "Their Trotsky and Ours," which some view as signaling a break with Trotskyism.The SWP action followed the 1985 World Congress, and the SWP closed Intercontinental Press in 1986.The SWP's international formation is sometimes referred to as the Pathfinder tendency because they each operate a Pathfinder Bookstore which sells the publications of the SWP's publishing arm, Pathfinder Press.Origins
2 Cold War
3 1960s
4 1970s and new leadership
5 1980s and after
5.In 1934, the Communist League of America merged with the American Workers Party led by A.The Socialist Party soon expelled the former Workers Party members, along with others recruited to their Trotskyist politics.The SWP's best known leader was James Patrick Cannon, a former member of the Industrial Workers of the World and former head of the International Labor Defense.The 1940 split in the SWP followed an internal factional debate over the party's internal government, the class nature of the Russian state, and Marxist philosophy, among other questions.The SWP was to experience many other factional conflicts and splits in its history, but this was the largest, and it foreshadowed many features of those to come.The majority faction said this was contrary to Lenin's concept of democratic centralism, and that disagreements and the SWP should be debated only internally.World War II, arguing that the U.It experienced some difficulty as a result.First, the SWP's main base of influence in the labor unions came under attack.The Minneapolis local's newspaper agitated against U.Teamsters International President Daniel Tobin launched an effort to dislodge them from these positions, and with the aid of employers and government agencies, he was successful.Smith Act of 1941, including J.Cannon (see Smith Act Trials).Those imprisoned included the main national leaders of the SWP and those members most prominent in the Midwest Teamsters.Although the members of the SWP kept a deliberately low profile during the war years the marine fraction of the party lost a number of its members while sailing in the extremely perilous convoys to Murmansk in an attempt to contact revolutionaries in Russia.As a consequence of the repression they experienced during the war the SWP was quite cautious in its campaigning during this period.However in contrast to the rival Workers' Party of Max Shachtman they were unadventurous.One campaign that they did launch that seems to have failed due to a lack of energy on the part of the SWP was its campaign for a Labor Party.Philip Randolph's March on Washington Movement.United Mine Workers of America.The end of the war also saw the reorganization of the Fourth International, in which process the SWP played a major role.Eventually they were to leave the SWP in a state of demoralization and some joined the WP.This led them to decamp from the WP and rejoin the SWP in 1947.For example, they continued to hold the position that the USSR was a "state capitalist" society.Dunayevskaya and her supporters eventually formed the News and Letters Committees in 1955 after splitting with CLR James, who was deported from the USA to Britain from where he continued to advise the Correspondence Publishing Committee which split again in 1962, with those loyal to CLR James taking the name Facing Reality.The growing civil rights movement, which continued uninterrupted out of WWII, could not fully offset these trends, and the SWP experienced a period of decline and isolation.One such split saw the departure of the faction of Bert Cochran and Clarke, who formed the American Socialist Union which lasted until 1959.Meanwhile throughout the 1950s and into the 1960s the remaining membership of the SWP clung to its firmly held beliefs and grew older.The 1959 Revolution in Cuba however signalled a change in political direction for the SWP as it embarked on solidarity work through the Fair Play for Cuba Committee.The result was a small accretion of youth to the party's ranks and in the same period long time SWP leader Murry Weiss won another group of youth from the Shachtmanites as they joined the Socialist Party of America.Despite such growing signs of an end to the isolation which the group had endured during the McCarthyite period, it experienced a new split in the early 1960s.Their analysis brought them closer to the International Secretariat of the Fourth International from which the SWP had split in 1953.They were critical of the Castro government, arguing that Cuba remained a "deformed workers state".The SWP supported both the civil rights movement and the Black nationalist movement which grew during the 1960s.It particularly praised the militancy of Black nationalist leader Malcolm X, who in turn spoke at the SWP's public forums and gave an interview to Young Socialist magazine.After his assassination, the SWP had limited success in forming alliances with his followers and other Black nationalists.However, these movements were part of the radicalization of these years aiding the SWP's growth.Like all left wing groups, but even more than most, the SWP grew during the 1960s and experienced a particularly brisk growth in the first years of the 1970s.The SWP advocated that the antiwar movement should call for the immediate withdrawal of all U.Dave Dellinger was Fred Halstead, a World War II veteran and former leader of the garment workers union in New York City.Halstead was the 1968 Presidential candidate of the SWP who visited Vietnam in that capacity.The SWP was also increasingly outspoken in its defense of the Cuban government of Fidel Castro and its identification with that government.Jack Barnes (who became national secretary in 1972), made identification with Cuba an ever greater part of the politics of the SWP throughout the 1970s.The party also published many of Leon Trotsky's works in these years through their publishing house, Pathfinder Press.The growth of labour militancy in the early 1970s had an impact on the SWP and currents developed within it urging a reorientation of the party towards this militancy.One such current was the Proletarian Orientation Tendency, which included Larry Trainor, which eventually dissolved itself.Another tendency developed called the Internationalist Tendency (IT).However, despite tensions between the SWP and the rest of the international, when the former expelled the IT the International refused to side with the tendency.The IT would disintegrate over the next few months, some of its supporters finding their way back into the SWP.This period was the peak of the SWP's growth and influence.It helped organize protests demanding legal abortion through the Women's National Abortion Action Coalition.In 1978, the SWP leadership decided that the key task was for party members to make a turn to industry.Steelworkers Fight Back were among the events pointed to in arguing for this change in policy.As a result, many members were asked to move and change jobs, often out of established careers and into low paying jobs in small towns.Opposition to the "turn to industry" developed within the SWP.This opposition was not homogeneous and was itself beset by differences between different factions.In 1982, Barnes gave a speech which was later published as Their Trotsky and Ours: Communist continuity today in which Barnes rejected Trotsky's theory of Permanent Revolution arguing that it failed to sufficiently distinguish between the democratic and socialist tasks of a workers' revolution.He argued that the SWP had more in common with these organizations than with many groups calling themselves Trotskyist.The SWP has continued to publish numerous books by Trotsky and advocate a number of ideas commonly associated with Trotskyism, including Trotsky's analysis of "Stalinism".The opposition factions continued to support the theory of permanent revolution, and the Trotskyist label: they anticipated that the SWP leadership was reassessing its place in the Fourth International.While declaring their support to the Cuban and Nicaraguan revolutions, they were more critical of the Castroist and Sandinista leadership.Additionally, they continued to oppose the "turn to industry".Lovell group, after a time, formed the Fourth Internationalist Tendency.Los Angeles, that had been close to Breitman but did not agree to orient toward the SWP belonged briefly to Socialist Action but left to join with descendants of the Shachtman organization in Los Angeles and Detroit in the "regroupment" organization Solidarity.This was the most recent split or major faction fight in the SWP; the organization has experienced an unusually long period of internal peace since, although it has declined steadily in both its membership numbers and its political influence within the U.The SWP now focuses most of its energy on socialist works, such as the weekly Militant Labor Forum, the distribution of Pathfinder books and The Militant.SWP National Secretaries
James P.In 2004, its presidential campaign achieved ballot access in 13 states and the District of Columbia, more than any other socialist candidates.The SWP's most high profile and controversial campaign in the late 1980s and early 1990s was its Mark Curtis Defense Committee, established after Curtis, an SWP activist and trade union organizer, was charged and convicted on burglary and rape charges in 1988.It should be noted that both candidates were technically unqualified for the positions because Calero is not an American citizen and Hawkins is 29 years old, with the minimum age being 35.The two tickets received a total of 11,947 votes.The SWP also ran several candidates for Congress.Martin Abern
Harry Braverman
George Breitman
Joel Britton
James Burnham
Joseph Carter
Bert Cochran
Raya Dunayevskaya
Fred Feldman
Albert Goldman
Joseph Hansen
C.George Breitman
Peter Camejo
James P.Cannon
Jake Cooper
Stephanie Coontz
Farrell Dobbs
Paul Draper
James T.Farrell
Richard Fraser
Asher Harer
Sidney Hook
C.The Militant
Pathfinder Press
James P.Includes ephemera from the Socialist Workers Party.Further reading
Archives
The George Breitman Papers.Wagner Labor Archives at New York University.Wagner Labor Archives at New York University.Wagner Labor Archives at New York University.Books
Breitman, George and James P.Pathfinder Press (NY) (September 1, 1988).Humanities Press Intl Inc (April 1, 1994).This page was last modified on 24 February 2008, at 00:13.All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only.Full computer algebra capabilities are available.View all your plots in the VCAM window with playback toolbar controls.RTF format for importing into Microsoft Word.LaTeX output for seamless transfer to different LaTeX installations.The software comes with an extensive online help system
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