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Valve biography, Valve discography
Today, Valve is composed of just over 120 of the industry's best artists, programmers, and writers.Valve Corporation, all rights reserved.Valve was originally an L.Strike and Day of Defeat.On January 10, 2008, Valve Corporation announced that they had acquired Turtle Rock Studios, adding the Californian technology company to its portfolio.Life launched on November 19, 1998.Valve acquired TF Software PTY Ltd.May 1998, the makers of the Team Fortress mod for Quake with the intent to create a standalone Team Fortress 2 game.Valve announced its Steam content delivery system in 2002.At the time, it looked to be a method of streamlining the patch process common in online computer games.Life multiplayer and also as a distribution system for entire games.Between 2002 and 2005, Valve was involved in a complex legal showdown with its publisher, Vivendi Universal (under Vivendi's brand Sierra Entertainment).It officially began on August 14, 2002 when Valve sued Sierra for copyright infringement, alleging that the publisher illegally distributed copies of their games to Internet cafes.Vivendi fought back, saying that Gabe Newell and marketing director Doug Lombardi had misrepresented Valve's position in meetings with the publisher.Vivendi later countersued, claiming that Valve's Steam content distribution system attempted to circumvent their publishing agreement.On November 29, 2004, Judge Thomas S.Federal District Court in Seattle, WA ruled in favor of Valve Corporation.In addition, Judge Zilly ruled that Valve could recover copyright damages for infringements without regard to the publishing agreement's limitation of liability clause.Valve posted on the Steam website that the two companies had come to a settlement in court on April 29, 2005.Vivendi Universal from then onwards.Steam Reaches 15 Million Accounts.This page was last modified on 21 April 2008, at 14:10.For other uses, see Valve (disambiguation).For the electronic component, see Thermionic valve.For the game development company see Valve Corporation.This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards.Designations
3 Valve parts
3.Control
6 Other considerations
7 Types of valves
7.These water valves are operated by handles.Valves are technically pipe fittings, but usually are discussed separately.Valves are used in a variety of applications including industrial, military, commercial, residential, and transportation.Chemical Manufacturing would constitute the majority of valves used by industry.Plumbing valves are the most obvious in everyday life, taps for hot and cold water, gas control valves on cookers and barbecues, small valves fitted to washing machines and dishwashers, safety devices fitted to hot water systems are all simple valves.Most valves are operated manually, either by a hand wheel or lever.Some valves are 'self operating' driven by changes in pressure, temperature or flow.These changes in pressure or temperature often act against springs or capsules filled with expanding substances.More complex control systems using valves requiring automatic control based on an external input (i.Special valves can be manufactured to be in excess of 200" (5000mm) diameter.Bonnet
The main part of the valve consists of the valve body and bonnet.These two parts form the vessel or casing that holds the fluid going through the valve.Valve bodies are usually metallic.Plastic bodies are used for relatively low pressures and temperatures.PVC, PP, PVDF, Glass Reinforced Nylon are common plastics used for valve bodies.Ports
Integral to the valve body are the passages that allow flow into and out of the valve.These ports are obstructed or opened up by the valve member or disc to control the fluid flow.Valves with two or three ports are the most common, while valves with multiple ports (maybe up to 20) are used in special applications.Nearly all valves are built with some means of connection at the ports.These include Threads (male or female) BSP or NPT are most common.Glue or cement application (especially for plastic)almost always a socket type connection (not a butt) Flanges ANSI, BS, DIN, or JIS.US, British, European, Japanese standards) Welding either Socket type or Butt type welds.Valve Member
Inside the valve body, flow through the valve may be partly or fully blocked by an object called a disc or valve member.Although the valve body remains stationary within the fluid system, the disc in the valve is movable so it can control flow.Ball valves are valves which use spherical rotors, except for the interior fluid passageways.Other round shapes for rotors are possible too in rotor valves, as long as the rotor can be turned inside the valve body.However not all round or spherical discs are rotors; for example, a ball check valve uses the ball to block reverse flow, but is not a rotor because operating the valve does not involve rotation of the ball.If the disc moves linearly as the valve is controlled, the disc comes into contact with the seat when the valve is shut.When the valve has a rotor, the seat is always in contact with the rotor, but the surface area of contact on the rotor changes as the rotor is turned.If the disc swings on a hinge, as in a swing check valve, it contacts the seat to shut the valve and stop flow.The body and the seat could both come in one piece of solid material, or the seat could be a separate piece attached or fixed to the inside of the valve body, depending on the valve design.Seats can be integral to the valve body, that is "hard" metal or plastic.Nearly all metal seated valves leak, even though some leaks are extremely small.Stem
The stem is a rod or similar piece spanning the inside and the outside of the valve, transmitting motion to control the internal disc or rotor from outside the valve.Outside the valve the stem is attached to a handle or another controlling device.Between inside and outside, the stem typically goes through a valve bonnet if there is one.The valve and stem can be threaded such that the stem can be screwed into or out of the valve by turning it in one direction or the other, thus moving the disc back or forth inside the body.Packing is often used between the stem and the bonnet to seal fluid inside the valve in spite of turning of the stem.Some valves have no external control and do not need a stem; for example, most check valves.Check valves are valves which allow flow in one direction, but block flow in the opposite direction.These terms do not apply to valves with no stem nor to valves using rotors.Bonnet
A bonnet basically acts as a cover on the valve body.During manufacture of the valve, the internal parts were put into the body and then the bonnet was attached to hold everything together inside.To access internal parts of a valve, a user would take off the bonnet, usually for maintenance.Many valves do not have bonnets; for example, plug valves usually do not have bonnets.Typical spring materials include Carbon Steel (often cad plated), 304 Series stainless steels and for high temperature applications Inconel X750.Springs can be typical 'coil' types or 'bellville" washer stacks or even bimetallic element which exert a spring force on temperature change.Valve balls
A valve ball is also used for severe duty, high pressure, high tolerance applications.They can also be made of different types of plastic, such as ABS, PVC, PP or PVDF.Valve operating positions
Valve positions are operating conditions determined by the position the disc or rotor in the valve.Some valves are made to be operated in a gradual change between two or more positions.Operating positions for such valves can be either shut (closed) so that no flow at all goes through, fully open for maximum flow, or sometimes partially open to any degree in between.Some valves are specially designed to regulate varying amounts of flow.Such valves have been called by various names like regulating, throttling, metering, or needle valves.For some valves, there may be a mechanism to indicate how much the valve is open, but in many cases other indications of flow rate are used, such as separate flow meters.Examples of normally shut valves are sampling valves, which are only opened while a sample is taken.Examples of normally open valves are isolation valves, which are usually only shut when there is a problem with a unit or a section of a fluid system such as a leak.Then, isolation valve(s) are shut in order to isolate the problem from the rest of the system.Pressure regulators are variations of valves in which flow is controlled to produce a certain downstream pressure, if possible.Depending on demand the motor head rotates the spindle to control the proportion of the flow that goes to the two outlet pipes: One to radiators, one to hot water system.In a conventional system the valve usually sits just after the pump and by the cylinder ("hot tank").Such valves are often rotor valves or ball valves.Slider valves have been used also.Many valves are controlled manually with a handle attached to the valve stem.Valves can also be controlled by devices called actuators attached to the stem.Actuators can be used for the purposes of automatic control such as in washing machine cycles, remote control such as the use of a centralized control room, or because manual control is too difficult; for example, the valve is large.Pneumatic actuators and hydraulic actuators need pressurized air or liquid lines to supply the actuator: an inlet line and an outlet line.Pilot valves are valves which are used to control other valves.Pilot valves in the actuator lines control the supply of air or liquid going to the actuators.When a high water level is reached, a mechanism shuts the valve which fills the tank.In some valve designs, the pressure of the flow fluid itself or pressure difference of the flow fluid between the ports automatically controls flow through the valve.In an open valve, fluid flows in a direction from higher pressure to lower pressure.Other considerations
Valves are typically rated for maximum temperature and pressure by the manufacturer.The wetted materials in a valve are usually identified also.Some valves rated at very high pressures are available.In such diagrams, different types of valves are represented by certain symbols.However, valves may eventually wear out from use and develop a leak, either between the inside and outside of the valve or, when the valve is shut to stop flow, between the disc and the seat.Butterfly valve, for flow regulation in large pipe diameters.Choke valve: a valve that lifts up and down a solid cylinder which is placed around or inside another cylinder which has holes or slots.Diaphragm valve, some are sanitary predominantly used in the pharmaceutical and foodstuff industry.Globe valve, good for regulating flow.Needle valve for accurate flow control.Piston valve, for regulating fluids that carry solids in suspension.Pinch valve, for slurry flow regulation.Ball cock: often used as a water level controller (cistern).Bibcock, provides a connection to a flexible hosepipe
Blast valve, used to prevent rapid overpressures in a fallout shelter or a bunker.Cock, colloquial term for a small valve or a stopcock.Demand valve on a diving regulator.Double check valve
Duckbill valve
flow control valve: an application which maintains a constant flow rate through the valve.Foot valve: a check valve on the foot of a suction line to prevent backflow.Freeze valve: in which freezing and melting the fluid creates and removes a plug of frozen material acting as the valve.Gas pressure regulator regulates the flow and pressure of a gas.Pilot valve: regulate flow or pressure to other valves.The sleeve valve is another valve type used for this purpose.PRV), also called pressure regulator, reduces pressure to a preset level downstream of the valve.Presta and Schrader valves are used to hold the air in bicycle tires.SCUBA diving equipment and in gas cooking equipment to reduce the high pressure gas supply to a lower working pressure
Rotary valves and piston valves are parts of brass instruments used to change their pitch.Rupture Disc is a one time use replaceable valve for rapid pressure relief used for protecting piping systems from excessive pressure or vacuum.Its is more reliable than safety valves.Schrader valves are used to hold the air inside automobile tires.Solenoid valve, an electrically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic valve.Stopcocks restrict or isolate the flow through a pipe of a liquid or gas.Tap (British English), faucet (American English) is the common name for a valve used in homes to regulate water flow.Heimlich valve is a specific one way valve used on the end of chest drain tubes to treat a pneumothorax.See also
Backwater valves
Piping
Plumbing
Variable Valve Timing
Zone valve
W.All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.Valve is a digital agency.It is, after all, the future.Creativity, we believe, is everything.We create beautiful, usable and accessible user experiences for countless clients.WidSets offers a unique way to follow web services on a mobile phone.Apr 18, 2008 Valve is the Digibussiness.Valve has been selected as the Company of the month in Digibusiness.Apr 4, 2008 A silver award and an honorary quotation to Valve in...Mar 13, 2008 Game developers welcome!We are the world's largest manufacturer of valve products that move, control, and sample liquids, gases, powders, and other substances.Valve, MCF, Morin, NeoTecha, Rovalve, Valvtron, Vanessa, Varec and Yarway.
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